Conversely, buck fawns only have small bony growths, which do not protrude through the skin, during the fall and winter after their birth. Mule deer are found in the western third of the state, mainly in the High Plains, Smoky Hills and Red Hills regions. 2021 seemed to show a higher-than-usual occurrence of epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD), but at the time of writing this article is is unclear if it will significantly impact the states overall deer population. To try and combat this, the state has a community deer management assistance program, that includes additional licenses hunters can obtain to harvest deer on private properties, with landowner permission. Fewer deer means more food for other deer, which leads to healthier and bigger animals. Hemorrhagic disease has not been found to be a danger to humans. Deer overpopulation causes habitat destruction, crop damage, vehicle collisions and disease all of which threatens the long-term survival of white-tailed deer in Wisconsin. Biologists believe a new framework for deer management is in order, and one that takes into account the ecological capacity of the current ecosystem. Vermont is near the northernmost part of white-tailed deers range, and the deer must look for areas of shelter with mature evergreen trees to withstand the low temperatures and deep snow of winter. The mule deer working group lists the 2021 population in the badlands at 21,000. While there is no one fail safe solution to keep them away, here are a few top tips. Vermont: 133,000 They're all white-tails deer. However Texas is also home to mule deer, who live in the Trans-Pecos and Panhandle regions. A total of 159,962 deer were harvested. If you see potential errors please contact the appropriate regional office. 2015-16 Deer Harvest Estimates (PDF) Big Game Harvest Data back to 1915. Transmits: Rickettsia parkeri rickettsiosis, a form of spotted fever. The white-tailed deer found in Arizona belongs to the subspecies called Coues. The only population estimate I could find for sika deer was approximately 10,000 in 2016. Minnesota only harbors 9.4 deer per square mile. It is important they have access to both the cover provided by the forest and the grazing in open areas and along the forest edge. Unfortunately that number decreased in 2001 due to the slight decline in hunter numbers. Outdoor Alabama: Deer hunting information and regulations. Also the growth of suburbs that broke up large swaths of forested land into smaller chunks actually benefited the deer. While 2020 saw an incredible harvest, some expect it to fall a bit this fall. Maine Department of Inland Fisheries & Wildlife: White-tailed deer in Maine. 9 10 12 15 18 22 26 Arial Book Antiqua Courier New Georgia Young fawns have white spots on their coats as camouflage for hiding from predators. However in many areas of eastern Massachusetts where hunting is restricted by town firearm laws or land closures, the deer population is not well controlled. QDMA Whitetail Report, 2009. Other states have deer and elk populations too, but some also have moose, mule deer and other big game cervids that sportsmen travel out of state to hunt. These deer gained the name mule due to their elongated ears that resemble a donkey. However, where you find deer, youll usually find a lot of them. The majority of the North American population lives east of the Rocky Mountains. However they are a popular game species for the state, perhaps because they inhabit less hospitable terrain and are better at staying hidden than the mule deer, offering hunters more of a challenge. The top of their tail is brown, but the underside is very fluffy and white. Something that many of you might find very interesting is how this list compares to that of our nations highest deer populations per square mile, of which almost all of these states did not make the cut. The male white-tailed deer will grow a new set of antlers every year. They are small deer with fully grown males rarely weighing over 100 pounds. Males are larger than females. The mule deer working group estimates the 2021 mule deer population at 330,700. The most recent number listed on the Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries & Parks site estimates 1.75 million white-tailed deer in the state. And while Minnesota isnt what it used to be, it still does well and cranks out good harvest numbers each year. In response to the growing popularity of quality deer management (QDM), the Agency has continually researched QDM initiatives. 6 to 7 spot. Idaho is home to both mule deer and white-tailed deer. The economy of Tennessee has benefited from the rise in deer numbers in terms of increased revenues to small businesses in rural areas, sporting goods businesses, hotels and restaurants, etc. Accessed 2023-03-01. White-tailed deer and mule deer are not native to the area. Iowa finds itself at No. Virginia DWR: deer hunting regulations and seasons. Other deer related concerns in the state include Lyme disease and deer-vehicle collisions, which are taken to account in the states management practices. Washington state is home four subspecies of deer. Like most deer, black-tail browse on what vegetation is available in each season. Sexually mature males, known as bucks, grow antlers in the spring/summer of each year. Studies of mule deer populations have shown that they have been recorded as eating nearly 800 different plant species. Native plant suppression when there are more deer than the ecosystem can sustain, native plants may be grazed to the point where they are never allowed to grow, reducing food for other animals and allowing invasive species to thrive. On average in North America, males weigh 150-300 pounds and females weigh 88 198 pounds. The Deer density map shows our area to have at best 30 deer per sq. Its also important to know certain areas will have concentrations of deer. Wyoming Game & Fish Department: Deer Hunting. Illinois Department of Natural Resources: deer hunting information. They also state the greatest density of deer can be found in Rockingham, Hillsborough and Cheshire counties, as well as along the Connecticut River Valley in Grafton County. According to this article in the Des Moines Register, the states estimate for whitetail deer population in 2020 was 445,000. Trying to figure out their population in the state is challenging due to the remote and densely forested areas where they live. Another plains state, we see virtually the same story as in Oklahoma. Webpage with information and links to data files for download. But everyone I talk to who has, heralds this state as one of the best in the country. Download a map ofA.E.D.C Wildlife Management Area, Information aboutLand Between the Lakes Wildlife Management Area, To order a color Wildlife Management Area map click here: WMA Color Map Order Form, CLICK ON IMAGE BELOW TO VIEW INTERACTIVE MAP, Go to Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency. When alarmed, white-tailed deer will raise their tail straight up, flashing the white. The map is intended to reflect the approximate boundaries of the TWRA Huntable Lands generally available for the use of sportsmen/sportswomen with proper licenses. Historical data from Tennessee suggests that there has been no negative impact on the herd due to lower buck limits (11-buck limit pre-1998, 3-buck limit post-1998). 2021 population numbers listed by the state estimate 293,950 mule deer and 212,814 white-tailed deer. The mule deer is a generalist and will forage on whatever is available. Hunting of black-tailed deer is allowed, and at the time of writing this article so is hunting of mule and white-tailed deer, in order to help get more information on these new populations entering the state. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. The rut, which is their mating season, occurs in the fall and the fawns are born in the spring. The lowest estimate in the state came around 1931, when Virginia was down to just 25,000 deer after over 100 years of hunting and habitat loss. Some even want to move to these states because the hunting is so good. However in parts of their range, populations have adapted to prairie and savanna land (such as Texas, Arizona and Mexico), tropical or subtropical forests in Central America, and mountain grassland in the Andes of South America. Fort Collins, CO: Forest Service Research Data Archive. Factors causing deer populations to grow in recent years include expansion of homes into rural areas that are hospitable for deer but are not suitable for hunting. White tailed deer are found throughout the state, with the highest numbers in eastern half. The lighter shades of green determine the lower percentage rates of deer being harvested in Tennessee. Estimates of deer density were: White = rare, absent, or urban area with unknown population, Green = less than 15 deer per square mile, Yellow = 15 to 30 deer per square mile, Orange = 30 to 40 deer per square mile, or Red = greater than 45 deer per square mile. The estimated population total today is 427,500 mule deer and white-tailed deer. Theyre pretty appealing. Overall, this strategy has worked relatively well, as most areas are harvesting the desired number of does (Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency 2005). Due to many factors including over-harvesting, hunting and habitat loss the white-tailed deer became uncommon in Connecticut between 1700 1900. Some might ask what the perfect number is. Utah Division of Wildlife Resources: hunting in Utah. By the turn of the century people began to realize they needed conservation programs or the deer would go the way of the buffalo. Nebraska Game & Parks: deer hunting in Nebraska. Unfortunately, this is also where the majority of the states human population live, and too many deer can increase car crashes and crop loss. After the 2021-2022 deer hunting season, Fayette County had the highest county-wide prevalence of CWD at 17.7% and Hardeman County had the next highest at 11.8%. The New Hampshire Fish & Game page lists the population estimate for the state at 100,000 white-tailed deer. Overall the state reports the population is currently stable or slightly declining. As you can see, populations drop drastically from the No. TWRA does not warrant or make any representations as to the accuracy of the content of the map, and TWRA is not liable for any improper or incorrect use of this map or for any direct or indirect damages suffered related to the use of this map. Black-tailed deer in their native Pacific northwest range live in dense coastal rainforest and semi-open habitats including riparian forest (along river banks) and areas of tangled shrubs and thicket. Total deer killed in a county (wilkinson) (1644) divided by the # of total land square miles (452) in that county ,taking into account that the total legal reported harvest should be 35% of the total deer killed and another 5% for road kill,predation. Their population is recovering due to prohibiting antlerless harvest for a few years and milder winters. The sika deer population is mainly found along coastal regions and is much lower than the white-tailed deer. But it is a really solid figure. In a 2020 article the state DNR estimated a white-tailed deer population of about 900,000 1,000,000. The endangered Columbian white-tailed deer are only found in the far southwestern corner of Washington along the lower Columbia River. Growth has boomed since with an estimated population today of 700,000 750,000 white-tailed deer. As we progress into the future, the Agency faces a number of challenges in its deer management program. In general, black-tailed deer occur in the western half of the state, while white-tailed and mule deer occur in the eastern half. For white-tailed deer, the last mention I could find was about 520,000 around 2015. Clearly restocking, management efforts, and the shift away from clearing land for agriculture have worked, to the point where many counties are now trying to lower the number of deer to a more sustainable number. The most recent data I could find for white-tailed deer reported around 300,000 in 2016. Although, young females may stay with their mothers for an extended amount of time and ultimately overlap her home range. In recent years, the Agency's attention has turned to increasing and maintaining the doe harvest in order to control herd growth. Hunting controls, restocking and improved habitat brought the deer population up to about 17,000 by 1965. Thus, for many research practitioners, there has been less of a focus on this methodology for GIS. These viruses are transmitted through a biting fly or midge in the genusCulicoides. Our mission at Wildlife Informer is to share free information and pictures of wildlife with our readers. Realtree is committed to providing an inclusive and accessible experience to everyone, including those with disabilities.2023 Jordan Outdoor Enterprises, Ltd. All rights reserved. Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks: deer information and hunting guide. Maryland also has a population of sika deer. Most people think of the Midwest as the gold standard of the deer hunting world. Herd growth has been such that hunting is allowed in all Tennessee counties with the Tennessee deer herd numbering approximately 900,000 animals. Wild Hog Regulations. While the white-tailed deer more or less stop east of the Rocky Mountains, the mule deer take over west of the Rockies. While deer farms are fenced, escapes of captive deer and elk occur when fences are damaged by storms. While CWD is considered 100 percent fatal once contracted, it is not known to harm humans or livestock. Growth of the Tennessee deer herd is expected to continue to increase at 1-2 % per year for the near future with most expansion occurring in the Mississippi River counties and in eastern Tennessee. According to one source, the introduction of the white-tailed deer did not negatively impact the mule deer, elk or moose in the state as they occupy different types of habitat. This 2021 article in the Greenville Sun quoted the states wildlife resource agency as estimating 900,000 white-tailed deer in the state. White-tailed deer are classified as the species Odocoileus virginianus, the Virginia white-tailed deer. Vermont Fish & Wildlife Department: white-tailed deer hunting information. Retrieved from the Data Repository for the University of Minnesota, http://dx.doi.org/10.13020/D6G014. The white-tailed deer has a reddish-brown coat in the spring which fades to a grayish-brown coat during the fall and winter. In 1991, hunting related expenditures had an overall impact of over $405,238,000 to Tennessee's economy. White-tailed deer are mainly herbivores and will eat what they can find during each season. Click here for more deer hunting articles and videos. The site is secure. Colorado Parks & Wildlife: Big Game Hunting. Bogart, GA. 68 pp. This number can drift up and down depending on the severity of the winter and how many harsh or mild winters there may be in a row. It used to produce more and bigger deer than it does now. Texans like to win. DATA INPUT. Alaska Department of Fish & Game: deer hunting information and regulations. https://fs.usda.gov/rds/archive/webservice/oaipmh, National Agricultural Library Thesaurus Term, Digitized white-tailed deer densities for the continental United States. Currently about 110,000 deer are harvested each year in the state. Copy-Paste or input your values into our Excel template. No, thats not at the top. Like many other states, deer and other large game in Iowa was hunted to near extinction by the early 1800s. Tennessee Population Pyramid 2023 Tennessee Median Age 38.8 Total 37.5 Male 40.1 Female Tennessee Adults There are 5,264,378 adults, (1,107,564 of whom are seniors) in Tennessee. For full disclosure, both Indiana and Michigan were excluded from this list because their respective DNRs no longer estimate statewide populations. Tennessee: 900,000 Tennessee's deer are all white-tails. This not only allows them to digest a wide variety of foods, but they can eat and wait until later to digest. We also share helpful tips and guides on a variety of topics related to animals and nature. https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2019-0053. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site. Deer numbers in Arkansas significantly declined due to unrestricted market hunting during the 1800s until 1915. It may be that monitoring of this species separate from overall deer in the state has not yet been established. Digitized white-tailed deer densities for the continental United States. Sounds good for hunters, but populations this high can be problematic. The mule deer population has been in decline since 1980, decreasing from 300,000 to todays estimate of 170,000 190,000 in 2020. However, these are the states the biggest, most mature deer come out of. Like other deer species they grow new antlers each spring and shed them during the winter. Deer populations in Tennessee are affected by hemorrhagic disease (HD) on occasion. Insurance provider State Farm estimated there were. North Dakota is home to both white-tailed and mule deer. An official website of the United States government. Columbia Black-tailed deer (Northern California and Pacific Northwest). Found in forests as well as the suburbs, deer are often thought to have spiritual meaning and can bring nature close to home since they are often seen in backyards and neighborhoods. SET OPTIONS. I have seen some debate on this but at the time of writing this article the consensus is that black-tailed deer are a subspecies of the mule deer. (2016). (original article) Quality Deer Management Association. On average in North America, males weigh 121 331 pounds and females weigh 95 198 pounds. Connecticut DEEP: hunting and trapping information. However the accompanying article states estimates are likely conservative. Deer can be found from sea level to high elevations in the mountains. General Info. A comparison of buck age structure from annual deer harvest suggests that the Tennessee deer herd compares favorably with those states with more restrictive buck regulations. As recently as 1968 the in-state population estimate was only 25,000, but through conservation and management by 1990 that number skyrocketed to 100,000. White-tailed deer are statewide but more populous in the east, while mule deer are found in the western two-thirds of the state. Mule deer make up the largest portion of the population and 95% of the annual deer harvested. Damage to landscape overpopulation of deer in the suburbs makes them more and more apt to use your flower beds and gardens as a snack station. Hawaii Division of Forestry and Wildlife: hunting rules and regulations. As part of the Wildlife Resources Division's (WRD) goal to maintain a sustainable wild turkey population in Georgia, estimates of the state's turkey harvest, turkey hunter effort, and turkey hunter success are acquired each year and then used to adjust hunting regulations in subsequent years to achieve . Digitized white-tailed deer densities for the continental United States This data publication includes vector digital data files containing white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) densities during 1982, 1994-1999, and 2001-2005 in the continental United States. Deer are one of the most populous and hunted big game animals in North America. The range of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Tennessee has expanded from a few counties in east Tennessee in the 1940's to all 95 counties in the state. Value for Tennessee (No. I could not find a specific estimate for the smaller white-tailed deer population. See Region 1 WMA regulations starting on page 37 to see which public lands are open during this hunt. Mule deer are the most populous with a 2020 estimate of 85,000-100,000 mule deer in Arizona. The states fish and game page describes mule deer as boom and bust, meaning their populations can vary quite a bit year to year based on environmental conditions such as drought. Deer in the suburbs are well-known for eating the nice flowers and shrubs youve spent time planting in your yard. Because while it isnt as good as it once was due to Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD), it still continues to surpass expectations. (dataset) Walters, Brian F.; Woodall, Christopher W.; Russell, Matthew B. White-tailed deer population in Pennsylvania has been 1.4-1.5 million for the last few years. Once the antlers are fully developed, the males rub the velvet off, exposing the bone antlers. Upwards of 400,000 deer are hunted in the state each year. South Carolina Department of Natural Resources: deer hunting resources. It is estimated by 1925 only about 400 deer remained. States with the Highest Deer Density. To browse or use data from this site, no account is necessary! To get this data, we simply divided the states deer populations by their total number of claimed square miles. White-tailed deer dominate Texas, being found in 252 out of 254 counties across the state with an estimated population of 5.3 million. Retrieved from the Data Repository for the University of Minnesota, http://dx.doi.org/10.13020/D6G014. The total population estimate for deer living in the U.S. is approximately 35-36 million. Deer farms also regularly transport deer across state lines, which has been shown to be a method CWD can spread in other captive deer herds. They will spend the summer in higher elevations, then travel down to lower elevations during the winter. This booming population now has deer in overabundance and the state DEC aims to control this with managed harvesting. Ohio Department of Natural Resources: hunting and trapping regulations. In fact the 2020-21 hunting season is reported as one of Ohios most successful with 197,735 deer harvested. Estimates of deer density were: White = rare, absent, or urban area with unknown population, Green = less than 15 deer per square mile, Yellow = 15 to 30 deer per square mile, Orange = 30 to 40 deer per square mile, or Red = greater than 45 deer per square mile. Estimates of deer density were: White = rare, absent, or urban area with unknown population, Green = less than 15 deer per square mile, Yellow = 15 to 30 deer per square mile, Orange = 30 to 40 deer per square mile, or Red = greater than 45 deer per square mile. When Europeans first came to America, they found deer a plentiful resource in most states. In the map above, I collected data from the state and on the federal level to find state parks, national parks, national forests, and wildlife management areas. White-tailed deer are even found in urban and suburban areas. Hunting seasons, bag limits, deer restocking and habitat restoration are just a few of the management practices that sprung up. Today Arkansas enjoys plenty of deer, with a 2020 estimate of 900,000 white-tailed deer. Unlike the white-tailed deers antlers which branch out from a single main beam, the antlers of mule deer are bifurcated. I definitely expected it to rank much higher on this list. A 2020 study by the Mule Deer Working Group put total deer population (including black-tailed and mule deer) in California at 460,420. The state manages land to focus on quantity of deer in some areas, and quality of deer in others. A 2021 article in the Press Herald quoted a state biologist as saying the 2019 whitetail deer population estimate was 230,000 250,000 and that today the numbers are likely closer to 280,000 300,000. Click here to learn more on deer hunting in Ohio. Kyle Sams, a deer program biologist, says the population models still show an upward trend and favorable growth rate that will allow the number of deer harvested to continue to increase. According to Colorado Parks & Wildlife, the deer and elk meat industry begun in Colorado as early as 1880. The rest are mule deer. They remain an important part of the states economy, generating an estimated 1.2 billion dollars through hunting. This will only print the area on the screen. Utah: 315,000 Only about 1,000 of these deer are white-tail deer. Animal husbandry and agriculture also grew, removing forested land in favor of farming. Pennsylvania Game Commission: hunting and trapping resource page. I know the fawn birth adds to the equation,but it just don't seem to add up. Vehicle collisions as population density increases, so does the likelihood of deer-vehicle collisions. Like many states, Oklahoma had nearly lost all its deer by the early 1900s. Density mapping using GIS tools has become relatively easy to do. However, at an application level, density analysis can provide valuable insight into natural and social phenomena. Thus far they report that the harvest has not met the numbers they want, and the state is continuing to work on management strategies. Key deer are the smallest subspecies of white-tailed deer in North America, weighing only about 55-65 pounds. Walters, Brian F.; Woodall, Christopher W.; Russell, Matthew B.. (2016). As conservation efforts increased, deer restocking programs helped bring in just over 4,000 deer from other states between 1928 and 1992. Restrictive game laws also helped allow the population to grow. In Tennessee cervids include deer and elk. While caribou, elk and moose are all Cervids, that is members of the deer family, we are not discussing them in this article. These outside sources sometimes do not give the proper information, or even worse, feed hunters misguided, commercially based information which does not pertain to statewide management. The TWRA page states that the deer population has expanded from just a few counties in eastern Tennessee during the 1940s to being present in all 95 counties state-wide today. That is a quick comeback from the estimated 662 that were left in 1941. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. 6 to 7 spot. The second most challenging aspect results from the lack of communication between the Agency and hunters. In public hunting areas the population is estimated at 950-1050 deer. They will lose these spots after a few months. But, when its all said and done and the numbers shake out, Iowa only has 6.3 deer per square mile. Mule deer make up the majority, with white-tailed deer mainly found in eastern parts of the state and a few pockets in central and mountain areas. The white-tailed deer is native to North America, Central America and parts of South America. It should not be interpreted as representing legal property boundaries. White-tailed deer are even found in urban and suburban areas. The main noticeable difference between the mule deer and the white-tailed deer are ear size, tails, and antlers. Deer friendly reports a white-tailed deer population of 72,900 in 2019 based on hunting data. Deer hunting in the state is an important tool to raise money for wildlife management and land acquisition. According to this article, the DNREC estimated the deer population at the start of the 2020-21 season at 45,000 white-tailed deer. You can find blacktail deer in western Oregon, whitetail deer in northeastern Oregon and mule deer east of the Cascade range. Not likely. Population has been on a slow increase for many years. All other states were looked at and the deer populations were measured to determine which states have the most deer. Additional Sources used in this article : WildlifeInformer.com is your #1 source for free information about all types of wildlife and exotic pets. While mule deer ) in California at 460,420 aims to control this managed. To data files for download states deer populations were measured to determine which states have the most with... Deer than it does now it may be that monitoring of this species separate from overall deer in Arizona to! 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